Analiza efectelor moderatoare: Cazul variabilelor categoriale în regresia ierarhică
Keywords:
regression, variable, methodAbstract
1Numeroase teorii în psihologia
industrial-organizaţională (I-O) merg dincolo de
simpla relaţie dintre două variabile şi includ o a
treia variabilă care influenţează această
relaţie. Prin variabila moderatoare înţelegem o
variabilă de care depinde relaţia dintre două
variabile (de exemplu: variabila independentă
şi cea dependentă). Numeroase exemple sunt
uşor de găsit în literatură; Aguinis, Beaty, Boik,
& Pierce(2005) susţin chiar că aproape orice
teorie din ştiinţele organizaţionale include
variabile moderatoare. Un exemplu ar putea fi
dat din domeniul stresului ocupaţional – aşa
numita ipoteză a reactivităţii diferenţiale
(Cohen & Edwards, 1989) care postulează că
relaţia dintre stresori şi consecinţele lor
(strains) este moderată de o serie de trăsături
de personalitate cum ar fi furia sau tipul A de
personalitate. Mai exact, corelaţia negativă
dintre stresori şi sănătatea mentală depinde de
nivelul tipului A de personalitate, astfel încât
această corelaţie este mai puternică pentru
persoanele cu un nivel ridicat al tipului A de
personalitate comparativ cu persoanele cu un
nivel scăzut al tipului A de personalitate. Un alt
exemplu, foarte des întâlnit în literatura I-O,
este rolul jucat de genul candidaţilor în relaţia
dintre scorurile obţinute de aceştia la un test
de angajare (chestionar de personalitate, test
de inteligenţă etc.) şi productivitatea la locul de
muncă. Mai exact, depinde relaţia dintre
scorurile la testele de angajare şi
productivitate, de genul candidaţilor?
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References
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