Examinarea dimensiunilor comportamentului de tip A în relația dintre stresorii ocupaționali și reacțiile la stres în munca de poliție
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24837/pru.v9i1.392Keywords:
occupational stressors, Type A behavior, satisfaction at workAbstract
The literature has highlighted the presence of a higher proportion of Type A behavior among police officers
compared to the general population. Thus, the present study examined the predictive role of two components of
Type A behavior (impatience and drive) on stress reactions and the moderator effect of these dimensions in the
relation stressors-reactions to stress in police work. To assess the variables included in this study it was used
scales from Occupational Stress Indicator-2 (OSI-2; Cooper, Sloan, & Williams, 1988). These scales were completed
by 108 policemen. The results showed that impatience is the only predictor of some aspects of physical
(tempered behavior, energy) and mental health (satisfaction, peace of mind). The data show that impatience and
drive do not moderate the relationship between stressors and reactions to stress represented by work satisfaction,
satisfaction toward organization, satisfaction with mental well-being, peace of mind, tempered behavior and energy.
The impatience has moderated the tension generated by the workload and responsibilities on activism. The
drive has moderated the relation between workload and activism. Based on these results, it has been discussed
the validity of the conceptual model of the OSI-2 and the development of occupational stress management interventions
in police work.
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References
Abdollahi, M.K. (2002). Understanding police stress
research. Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice,
2, 1-24.
Antoniu, A.S. (2009). Occupation-specific precursors
of stress among Greek police officers: the roles of
rank and gender. International Journal of Police
Science & Management, 11, 3, 334-344.
Barling, J. & Charbonneau, D. (1992). Disentangling
the relationship between achievement striving and
impatience-irritability dimensions of type A
behaviour, performance and health. Journal of
Organizational Behaviour, 13, 369-377.
Bluen, S.D., Barling, J., & Burns, W. (1990). Predicting
sales performance, job satisfaction and depression
by using the achievement strivings and impatience
– irritability dimensions of Type A behavior. Journal
of Applied Psychology, 75, 212-216.
Blumenthal, J. A.& Herman, S. (1985). Age differences
in self-perception of Type Atraits. Journal of Consulting
and Clinical Psychology, 53, 264-266.
Booth-Kewley, S. & Friedman, H.S. (1987). Psychological
predictors of heart disease: A quantitative
review. Psychological Bulletin, 101, 343-362.
Examinarea dimensiunilor comportamentului de tip A în relaþia dintre stresorii ocupaþionali ºi reacþiile la stres
54
Brown, J. & Cooper, C. (1996).Occupational stress
among senior police officers.British Journal of
Psychology, 87, 31-41.
Burke, R. J. & Mikkelsen, A. (2006). Examining the
career plateau amongpolice officers.International
Journal of Police Strategies and Management, 29,
4, 691-703.
Capotescu, R. (2006). Stresul ocupaþional- Teorii, modele,
aplicaþii. Iaºi: Editura Lumen.
Conte, J.M., Landy, F.J. & Mathieu, J.E. (1995). Time
urgency: Conceptual and construct development.
Journal of Applied Psychology, 80, 178-185.
Contrada, R.J. (1989). Type Abehavior, personality hardiness,
and cardiovascular responses to stress.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,57,
895-903.
Cooper, C.L., Sloan, S.J. & Williams, S. (1988). The
Occupational Stress Indicator. Windsor: NFER
Nelson.
Day, L.A., & Jreige, S. (2002). Examining Type A
behaviour pattern to explain the relationship
between job stressors and psychosocial outcomes.
Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 7,
109-120.
Dick, P. (2000). The social construction of the meaning
of acute stressors: a qualitative study of the personal
accounts of police officers using a stress
counseling service. Work and Stress, 226-244.
Dollard , M.F. & Winefield, A.H. (1998). A Test of the
demand-control/support model of work stress in
correctional officers.Journal of Occupational
Health Psychology. 3, 3, 243-264.
Edwards, R.J. & Baglioni, Jr. A.J. (1991). Relationship
between Type A behavior pattern and mental and
physical symptoms: A comparison of global and
component measures. Journal of Applied Psychology,
76, 276-290.
Edwards, R.J., Baglioni, Jr. A.J. & Cooper, C.L. (1990).
Examining the relationships among self-report
measures of the Type A behaviour pattern: The
effects of dimensionality, measurement error, and
differences in underlying constructs. Journal of
Applied Psychology, 75, 440-454.
Frees, M. (1999). Social support as a moderator of the
relationship between work stressors and psychological
dysfunctioning: A longitudinal study with
objective measures. Journal of Occupational
Health Psychology, 4, 3, 179-192.
Friedman, H.S. & Booth-Kewley, S. (1987). Personality,
Type A behavior, and coronary heart disease:
The role of emotional expression. Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology, 53, 783-792.
Kirkcaldy, B.D. & Cooper, C.L. (1992). Cross-cultural
differences in occupational stress among British and
German Managers. Work and Stress, 6, 2, 177-190.
Kirkcaldy, B.D., Cooper, C.L. & Brown, J., (1998). The
demographics of occupational stress among police
superintendents. Journal of Managerial Psychology,
13, 2, 90-101.
Jamal, M. (1990). Relationship of job stress and Type-
A behavior to employees´ job satisfaction, organizational
commitment, psychosomatic health problems,
and turnover motivation. Human Relations,
43, 8, 727-738.
Jamal, M. & Baba, V. V. (2003). Type Abehavior, components,
and outcomes: A study of Canadian employees.
International Journal of Stress Management,
10, 39-50.
Jamal, M. (2007). Type A behavior in a multinational
organization: A study of two countries. Stress and
Health, 23, 101-109.
Jenkins, C.D., Zyzanski, S.J. & Rosenman, R.H.
(1971). Progress toward validation of computerscored
test for the type A coronary-prone behavior
pattern. Psychosomatic Medicine, 33, 193-202
Jones, B., Flynn, D.M. & Kelloway, E.K. (1995).Perceptions
of support from the organization in relation
towork stress, satisfaction, and commitment.
In Sauter, S.L. and Murphy, L.R. (Eds.).Organizational
riskfactors for job stress. Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association.
Karlberg, L., Krakau, I. & Undén, A.-I. (1997). Type A
behavior intervention in primary health care
reduces hostility and time pressure: A study in
Sweden. Social Sciences & Medicine, 46, 3, 397-
402.
Kivimäki, M., Raija, K. & Julkunen, J. (1996). Components
of type A behavior pattern and occupational
stressor-strain relationship: Testing different models
in a sample of industrial managers. Behavioral
Medicine, 22, 2, 67-76.
Lazarus, R.S., DeLongis, A., Folkman, S., & Gruen, R.
(1985). Stress and adaptation outcomes: The problem
of confounded measures. American Psychologist,
40, 770-779.
Liu, C., Spector, P.E. & Shi, L. (2008). Use of both
qualitative and quantitative approaches to study
stress in different gender and occupational groups.
Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 13,
4, 357-370.
Malach-Pines, A. & Keinan, G. (2007). Stress and
burnout in Israeli police officers during a Palestinian
uprising (Intifada). International journal of
management Stress, 14, 2, 160-174.
Matthews, K.A. (1988). Coronary heart disease and
Type Abehaviors: Update on and alternative to the
Booth-Kewley and Friedman (1987) quantitative
review. Psychological Bulletin, 104, 373-380.
McCreary, D.R. & Thompson, M.M. (2006). Development
of two reliable and valid measures of stressors
in policing: The operational and organizational
police stress questionnaires. International Journal
of Stress Management, 13, 4, 494-518.
Mikkelsen, A. & Burke, R. J. (2004). Work-family concerns
of Norwegian police officers: Antecedents
55
Examinarea dimensiunilor comportamentului de tip A în relaþia dintre stresorii ocupaþionali ºi reacþiile la stres
and consequences. International Journal of Stress
Management, 11, 4, 429-444.
Pitariu, H.D. & Landy, F.J. (1993). Some personality
correlates of time urgency. Revue Roumaine de
Psychology, 37, 1, 15-25.
Pitariu, H.D. (2004). Stresul profesional la manageri:
Corelative ale personalitãþii în contextual situaþiei
de tranziþie social-economicã din România. In
Opre, A. (Ed.): Noi tendinþe în psihologia personalitãþii.
Diagnozã, cercetare, aplicaþii (2). Cluj-
Napoca: ASCR.
Schaubroeck, J., Ganster, D.C., & Kemmerer, B.E.
(1994). Job complexity, „Type A“ behavior, and
cardiovascular disorder: A prospective study.
Academy of Management Journal, 37, 2, 426-439.
Siu, O., Lu L. & Cooper C.L. (1999). Managerial stress
in Hong Kong and Taiwan: a comparative study.
Journal of Managerial Psychology, 14, 1, 6-25.
Sonnentag, S. & Jelden, S. (2009). Job stressors and the
pursuit of sport activities: A day-level perspective.
Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14,
2, 165-181.
Spector, P.E. & O’Connell, B. J. (1994). The contribution
of personality traits, negative affectivity, locus
ofcontrol and Type A to the subsequent reports of
job stressors and job strains.Journal of Occupational
andOrganizational Psychology, 67, 1-11.
Spence, J.T., Helmreich, R.L. & Pred, S.R. (1987).
Impatience versus achievement striving in the
Type A pattern: Differential effects on student’s
health and academic achievement. Journal of
Applied Psychology,72, 522-528.
Steiler, D. & Paty, B. (2009).French version of the
Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI).Revue
Européenne de Psychologie Appliequée, 59, 113-
122.
Steiler, D. & Cooper, C.L. (2004). French version of the
Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI): Preliminary
assessment of reliability and validity. Stress and
Health, 20, 231-237.
Stichcomb, J.B. (2004). Searching for stress in all the
wrong places: Combating chronic organizational
stressors in policing. Police Practice and
Research, 5, 3, 259-277.
Strube, M.J., Berry, J.M., Goza, B.K. & Fennimore, D.
(1985). Type A behavior, age, and psychological
well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
49, 203-218.
Volkmer, R.& Feather, N. (1991).Relations between
type A scores, internal locus of control and test
anxiety. Personality and Individual Differences,
12, 2, 205–209.
Williams, S. & Cooper, C.L. (1998). Measuring occupational
stress: Development of the Pressure Management
Indicator. Journal of Occupational
Health Psychology, 3, 306-321.
research. Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice,
2, 1-24.
Antoniu, A.S. (2009). Occupation-specific precursors
of stress among Greek police officers: the roles of
rank and gender. International Journal of Police
Science & Management, 11, 3, 334-344.
Barling, J. & Charbonneau, D. (1992). Disentangling
the relationship between achievement striving and
impatience-irritability dimensions of type A
behaviour, performance and health. Journal of
Organizational Behaviour, 13, 369-377.
Bluen, S.D., Barling, J., & Burns, W. (1990). Predicting
sales performance, job satisfaction and depression
by using the achievement strivings and impatience
– irritability dimensions of Type A behavior. Journal
of Applied Psychology, 75, 212-216.
Blumenthal, J. A.& Herman, S. (1985). Age differences
in self-perception of Type Atraits. Journal of Consulting
and Clinical Psychology, 53, 264-266.
Booth-Kewley, S. & Friedman, H.S. (1987). Psychological
predictors of heart disease: A quantitative
review. Psychological Bulletin, 101, 343-362.
Examinarea dimensiunilor comportamentului de tip A în relaþia dintre stresorii ocupaþionali ºi reacþiile la stres
54
Brown, J. & Cooper, C. (1996).Occupational stress
among senior police officers.British Journal of
Psychology, 87, 31-41.
Burke, R. J. & Mikkelsen, A. (2006). Examining the
career plateau amongpolice officers.International
Journal of Police Strategies and Management, 29,
4, 691-703.
Capotescu, R. (2006). Stresul ocupaþional- Teorii, modele,
aplicaþii. Iaºi: Editura Lumen.
Conte, J.M., Landy, F.J. & Mathieu, J.E. (1995). Time
urgency: Conceptual and construct development.
Journal of Applied Psychology, 80, 178-185.
Contrada, R.J. (1989). Type Abehavior, personality hardiness,
and cardiovascular responses to stress.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,57,
895-903.
Cooper, C.L., Sloan, S.J. & Williams, S. (1988). The
Occupational Stress Indicator. Windsor: NFER
Nelson.
Day, L.A., & Jreige, S. (2002). Examining Type A
behaviour pattern to explain the relationship
between job stressors and psychosocial outcomes.
Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 7,
109-120.
Dick, P. (2000). The social construction of the meaning
of acute stressors: a qualitative study of the personal
accounts of police officers using a stress
counseling service. Work and Stress, 226-244.
Dollard , M.F. & Winefield, A.H. (1998). A Test of the
demand-control/support model of work stress in
correctional officers.Journal of Occupational
Health Psychology. 3, 3, 243-264.
Edwards, R.J. & Baglioni, Jr. A.J. (1991). Relationship
between Type A behavior pattern and mental and
physical symptoms: A comparison of global and
component measures. Journal of Applied Psychology,
76, 276-290.
Edwards, R.J., Baglioni, Jr. A.J. & Cooper, C.L. (1990).
Examining the relationships among self-report
measures of the Type A behaviour pattern: The
effects of dimensionality, measurement error, and
differences in underlying constructs. Journal of
Applied Psychology, 75, 440-454.
Frees, M. (1999). Social support as a moderator of the
relationship between work stressors and psychological
dysfunctioning: A longitudinal study with
objective measures. Journal of Occupational
Health Psychology, 4, 3, 179-192.
Friedman, H.S. & Booth-Kewley, S. (1987). Personality,
Type A behavior, and coronary heart disease:
The role of emotional expression. Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology, 53, 783-792.
Kirkcaldy, B.D. & Cooper, C.L. (1992). Cross-cultural
differences in occupational stress among British and
German Managers. Work and Stress, 6, 2, 177-190.
Kirkcaldy, B.D., Cooper, C.L. & Brown, J., (1998). The
demographics of occupational stress among police
superintendents. Journal of Managerial Psychology,
13, 2, 90-101.
Jamal, M. (1990). Relationship of job stress and Type-
A behavior to employees´ job satisfaction, organizational
commitment, psychosomatic health problems,
and turnover motivation. Human Relations,
43, 8, 727-738.
Jamal, M. & Baba, V. V. (2003). Type Abehavior, components,
and outcomes: A study of Canadian employees.
International Journal of Stress Management,
10, 39-50.
Jamal, M. (2007). Type A behavior in a multinational
organization: A study of two countries. Stress and
Health, 23, 101-109.
Jenkins, C.D., Zyzanski, S.J. & Rosenman, R.H.
(1971). Progress toward validation of computerscored
test for the type A coronary-prone behavior
pattern. Psychosomatic Medicine, 33, 193-202
Jones, B., Flynn, D.M. & Kelloway, E.K. (1995).Perceptions
of support from the organization in relation
towork stress, satisfaction, and commitment.
In Sauter, S.L. and Murphy, L.R. (Eds.).Organizational
riskfactors for job stress. Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association.
Karlberg, L., Krakau, I. & Undén, A.-I. (1997). Type A
behavior intervention in primary health care
reduces hostility and time pressure: A study in
Sweden. Social Sciences & Medicine, 46, 3, 397-
402.
Kivimäki, M., Raija, K. & Julkunen, J. (1996). Components
of type A behavior pattern and occupational
stressor-strain relationship: Testing different models
in a sample of industrial managers. Behavioral
Medicine, 22, 2, 67-76.
Lazarus, R.S., DeLongis, A., Folkman, S., & Gruen, R.
(1985). Stress and adaptation outcomes: The problem
of confounded measures. American Psychologist,
40, 770-779.
Liu, C., Spector, P.E. & Shi, L. (2008). Use of both
qualitative and quantitative approaches to study
stress in different gender and occupational groups.
Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 13,
4, 357-370.
Malach-Pines, A. & Keinan, G. (2007). Stress and
burnout in Israeli police officers during a Palestinian
uprising (Intifada). International journal of
management Stress, 14, 2, 160-174.
Matthews, K.A. (1988). Coronary heart disease and
Type Abehaviors: Update on and alternative to the
Booth-Kewley and Friedman (1987) quantitative
review. Psychological Bulletin, 104, 373-380.
McCreary, D.R. & Thompson, M.M. (2006). Development
of two reliable and valid measures of stressors
in policing: The operational and organizational
police stress questionnaires. International Journal
of Stress Management, 13, 4, 494-518.
Mikkelsen, A. & Burke, R. J. (2004). Work-family concerns
of Norwegian police officers: Antecedents
55
Examinarea dimensiunilor comportamentului de tip A în relaþia dintre stresorii ocupaþionali ºi reacþiile la stres
and consequences. International Journal of Stress
Management, 11, 4, 429-444.
Pitariu, H.D. & Landy, F.J. (1993). Some personality
correlates of time urgency. Revue Roumaine de
Psychology, 37, 1, 15-25.
Pitariu, H.D. (2004). Stresul profesional la manageri:
Corelative ale personalitãþii în contextual situaþiei
de tranziþie social-economicã din România. In
Opre, A. (Ed.): Noi tendinþe în psihologia personalitãþii.
Diagnozã, cercetare, aplicaþii (2). Cluj-
Napoca: ASCR.
Schaubroeck, J., Ganster, D.C., & Kemmerer, B.E.
(1994). Job complexity, „Type A“ behavior, and
cardiovascular disorder: A prospective study.
Academy of Management Journal, 37, 2, 426-439.
Siu, O., Lu L. & Cooper C.L. (1999). Managerial stress
in Hong Kong and Taiwan: a comparative study.
Journal of Managerial Psychology, 14, 1, 6-25.
Sonnentag, S. & Jelden, S. (2009). Job stressors and the
pursuit of sport activities: A day-level perspective.
Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14,
2, 165-181.
Spector, P.E. & O’Connell, B. J. (1994). The contribution
of personality traits, negative affectivity, locus
ofcontrol and Type A to the subsequent reports of
job stressors and job strains.Journal of Occupational
andOrganizational Psychology, 67, 1-11.
Spence, J.T., Helmreich, R.L. & Pred, S.R. (1987).
Impatience versus achievement striving in the
Type A pattern: Differential effects on student’s
health and academic achievement. Journal of
Applied Psychology,72, 522-528.
Steiler, D. & Paty, B. (2009).French version of the
Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI).Revue
Européenne de Psychologie Appliequée, 59, 113-
122.
Steiler, D. & Cooper, C.L. (2004). French version of the
Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI): Preliminary
assessment of reliability and validity. Stress and
Health, 20, 231-237.
Stichcomb, J.B. (2004). Searching for stress in all the
wrong places: Combating chronic organizational
stressors in policing. Police Practice and
Research, 5, 3, 259-277.
Strube, M.J., Berry, J.M., Goza, B.K. & Fennimore, D.
(1985). Type A behavior, age, and psychological
well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
49, 203-218.
Volkmer, R.& Feather, N. (1991).Relations between
type A scores, internal locus of control and test
anxiety. Personality and Individual Differences,
12, 2, 205–209.
Williams, S. & Cooper, C.L. (1998). Measuring occupational
stress: Development of the Pressure Management
Indicator. Journal of Occupational
Health Psychology, 3, 306-321.
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Published
2020-01-24
How to Cite
Rus, C. L., & Lazăr, A.-M. (2020). Examinarea dimensiunilor comportamentului de tip A în relația dintre stresorii ocupaționali și reacțiile la stres în munca de poliție. Psihologia Resurselor Umane, 9(1), 43–56. https://doi.org/10.24837/pru.v9i1.392
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